Chapter+6-+Urban+Society

=**//__An Urban Society__//** =

=== Before 1865, most immigrants came from northern and western Europe. In the mid-1800s, Greeks, Russians, Hungarians, Italians, Turks, and Poles began coming to America. Many of these new comers were Catholics or Jews. By 1907 only about 20% of immigrants were from northern and western Europe. After 1900 immigration from Mexico increased. Many people also came from china and Japan, who brought unfamiliar languages and religious beliefs, which had trouble blending into American society. The first stop for millions of immigrants was Ellis Island, and for others, Angel Island.  **Although some immigrants went back to their native country most immigrants were here to stay. Immigration increased because of economic troubles and persecution in their homeland countries because there were better opportunities in the US. Nativists of the United States fear the influx of immigrants and call for call for most restrictions. Therefore these nativists passed the** **Chinese Exclusion Act and the Immigration Act of 1917. The Chinese Exclusion Act prohibited Chinese workers from entering the US for ten years. The Immigration Act of 1917 said immigrants had to be able to read and write.** ===

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=== Industry and Immigration lead to rapid growth in cities. As more and more people moved into cities, American cities found it almost unattainable to meet the requirements of the swiftly growing immigrant population, adding to the already enormous population of the key American cities. More housing was needed, but not able to be provided, so in the poorest parts of the cities, living was crowded and barely livable. Many people who lived in these areas lived in cramped buildings called tenements. In these buildings, several families could live in one room, often with little sanitation and safety. ===

**//__Education__//**
=== The nation’s economy began to grow, and so did the interest in public education. The American educational system expanded and offered many new opportunities. The opening of new public libraries and the addition of journalism add to the city’s culture. ===

 **//__Advances in Technology__//**
=== Architects began building upwards. Skyscrapers were created to conserve space in city environments. New methods of traveling such as street cars, trolleys, subways, and bridges immensely improved transportation in urban societies. ===

 __**Leisure Activities**__
=== People in the middle class spent a growing amount of time in leisure. Sports, art, and music started to become very popular. Shows, circuses, and movies offered other new form s of entertainment for people living in cities. Distinctively American forms of music including razz and ragtime all the rage. ===





 **__I____mportant People__**
=== **Jane Addams: She founded the Hull House, one of the most famous settlement houses.** ===



 **Frederick Law Olmstead: He was the person who designed New York’s Central Park**


=== **George Washington Carver: He was a scientist, joined the Tuskegee faculty, his research transfo****rmed agriculture in the south. He developed hundreds of products including plastics and paper.** ===



**Mark Twain: He was** **a realist and a regionalist. He grew up along the Mississippi River. He wrote hundreds of well known books including** //**Huckleberry Fin**//**//n// and //The Adventures of Tom Sawyer.//**

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**Joseph Pulitzer: In 1883, he purchased New York //WORLD// and created a new kind of newspaper. Under his management, the //WORLD// had over 1 million readers every day.**



<span style="background-color: #13097e; color: #22f516; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 180%;">**William Randolph Hearst: He purchas****ed the New York //Morning// and under his administration, the newspaper became more successful than the New York //WORLD//.**